TAURUS Scholar Spotlight: Diego Garza

Our last TAURUS Scholar Spotlight of the summer features Diego Garza, who is a rising senior at the University of Chicago.  Diego is working with Prof. Keith Hawkins this summer on the chemical properties of our Galaxy's fastest stars.   Prof. Hawkins sat down with him recently to learn more about Diego's passions and interests.

KH: Where did you join us from? Can you tell us a little bit about your background?

DG: I am originally from Houston (H-town) born and raised. I went to high school there in Houston. The high school program I was involved in allowed me the opportunity to get an associates degree in science upon graduating high school. Most of my family is in Texas and while I have Mexican-American roots, I decided to go to the University of Chicago for undergrad. So the heat here in Austin, I am used to it.

KH: What drove to you to do undergrad in Chicago?

DG: I had my first interaction with the University of Chicago through the Hispanic Scholarship Fund’s Youth Leadership Institute. This fund enabled me to go to a program at the University of Chicago for the first time to learn about what college is like and how the application process works. As I went into my senior year, I began applying to college through the Quest-Bridge program; a program designed for underrepresented low-income high school students to apply to many top colleges. The program provides a list of the colleges from which you can rank your top choices and the Quest-Bridge program will help match you to those schools based on your interests. The application process is similar to a “standard” college application but is a bit more detailed. Quest-bridge enabled me to achieve a full ride scholarship. I ended up getting admitted to the University of Chicago.

KH: Astrophysics, what drew you to it? Is there one moment you knew you wanted to study it or was it something that developed?

DG: My interest in astrophysics grew over time. In elementary and middle school I was always interested in science and math and I would ask myself what kind of science would I do. I did small science projects as a kid. Like in middle school, where we had to build a solar system on a poster board and my dad and I did it together. I remember how I would have to google what Jupiter looked like and finding the right paint or colors to match what Jupiter looks like. I remember asking why there is a red spot on Jupiter. Or why Saturn had its rings. I was a curious kid and my dad encouraged me to read books on the topic.

Originally, I had planned on being more of an engineer going into high school, but the more I learned from ‘pop science’ about astronomy it grabbed my attention. So when I entered college, I chose to double major in Physics and Astrophysics.

KH: You must be really busy on campus with so many classes! What other activities or student organization are you involved in at the Univ. of Chicago?

DG: Classes keep me quite busy, especially with the double major. When I do get some time though I enjoy physics tutoring and that led me to become a teaching assistant for a computational techniques course in astrophysics. I also work at the main computer lab at the university and have built a community there and learned a lot about computing and coding.

In terms of extracurriculars I have gotten involved in on campus include Society for Advancement of Chicanos/Hispanics and Native Americans in Science (SACNAS). I have also gotten involved in ‘Moneythink’, which teaches high-schoolers financial literacy and entrepreneurship. I also work as Vice President within my school’s Students for the Exploration and Development of Space (SEDS) chapter. I was excited about this because I am interested in the topic. We have done things like rocketry and build model rockets.

Outside of school, I like watching and playing soccer, playing pool, hanging out with friends, and watching TV shows (just finished Mr. Robot).

KH: What made you interested in joining the TAURUS program this summer?

DG: A couple of things: (1) The program’s goals focusing on underrepresented minorities. In this way, I have been able to connect with people that have experiences that are similar to my own in ways I cannot connect with people at my college. (2) UT Austin’s Astro department is pretty good and I wanted to check it out more. (3) It’s in Texas and for me it was kinda like coming home. (4) My brother is in town doing a masters degree in civil engineering.

KH: What excites you most about doing research?

DG: As a kid, I always thought scientists and NASA already had everything figured out. If I googled any question, an answer would come up. What I find exciting is that science isn’t just about doing a small project you might do in a class but research is dynamic, answering the questions that don’t currently have answers. I also like that research is collaborative and a community driven effort to answer key questions.

KH: Tell me about what you do for fun. Do you have any hobbies?

DG: I enjoy watching tv, hanging out with my friends, playing billiards, and playing (and watching) soccer, Houston Dynamo is my favorite team. And I even got to see them play at the Q2 stadium here in Austin. But I grew up watching them play in Houston.

KH: Where do you like to travel, and where do you most want to visit that you haven’t seen yet?

DG: I haven’t had the opportunity to travel that much, I mostly have visited places in Texas, especially the Rio Grande Valley. I’ve been to Florida and Colorado, but I would love to visit Colorado again. I would also like to visit California, Europe (and tour some of their soccer stadiums).

KH: What’s in your future?

DG: I plan on finishing my double major BS degree in Astrophysics and Physics at the University of Chicago and definitely graduate school in Astronomy to obtain a PhD and hopefully be a scientist at NASA.

TAURUS Scholar Spotlight: Malik Bossett

Malik Bossett joins us from Northern Arizona University as a rising senior majoring in Astronomy. He is working with Dr. Zhoujian Zhang this summer to characterize the cloud properties of giant planets and brown dwarfs in the solar neighborhood by comparing these objects’ spectra to model atmospheres. Zhoujian recently sat down with Malik to learn more about his background, interests, and future plans.

ZZ: Could you tell us more about your story?

MB: I am from San Francisco, California. The initial spark of my interest in astrophysics came from a young age, as I was particularly intrigued by the exhibit about our solar system when my father took me to the California Academy of Sciences. I started reading books and watching shows related to astronomy since then. As I was in high school, I got selected into an internship program at the California Academy of Sciences! I was excited to gain experience in public speaking, science communication, and general research, and learn how to collaborate with other people on research projects. Then after entering Northern Arizona University, I started working at the Lowell Observatory, where Pluto was discovered in 1930. This place is also where I gained more science communication experience and hope to get more connections to research opportunities. I am now about to finish my bachelor's degree and am considering applying for graduate school this year.

ZZ: I know you are very proactive and passionate about the astronomy research. Could you tell us something about your previous research experience?

MB: Prior to the TAURUS program, I attended two REU programs. The first one was online during the summer of 2020 at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, where I analyzed the surface brightness of galaxies. The second one was at UC Berkeley in the summer of 2021, as a part of the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) program. My project was to use stellar spectra to search for potential techno-signatures. At my home institute, I have been conducting a research project that utilizes data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) to hunt for transiting exoplanets. It is really exciting that I presented this research in the International Astronautical Congress 2021 in Dubai last year!

ZZ: Awesome! I wonder what is the most interesting and exciting thing you find about astronomy?

MB: I like astronomy because it has endless possibilities. No matter how far into the future humanity survives, we will always be studying astronomy because it is one of those things that are potentially infinite. Astronomy is also a way to bring us perspective. If there is nowhere else that life can flourish outside our solar system, then as one of Earth's species, we should really take care of our planet.

ZZ: How is your experience over the past few weeks in the TAURUS program?

MB: This is a great program and the pacing is good. I enjoyed my visit to the McDonald observatory a few weeks ago and learned how the telescope works to get spectroscopic data. It was nice to get myself refreshed about the astronomical terms and equations through all the talks in the program. It is also good that the program provides housing!

ZZ: What do you think is the biggest challenge that you have experienced?

MB: The biggest challenge is to balance research and school. Over the freshman and sophomore years, I was able to work on my college research for a good while. However, during my junior year, the majority of my focus was on school coursework, so I did not have a chance to do as much research that year as I wish I should have. I also had to balance school and my science communication work at the Lowell Observatory. Now my goal for the senior year is to produce more progress on the research conducted in the TAURUS program and at my home institute.

ZZ: How do you like Austin so far? Did you get a chance to explore the city during the summer?

MB: Everything about the city is great except for the heat. I like the live music here and now I can see why Austin is the live music capital of the world! The bat watching is great too.

ZZ: I agree! What do you usually do when not studying or working?

MB: I like camping, hiking, and traveling. I also did a couple of road trips inside the country. Photography is also one of my big hobbies.

ZZ: What are your plans for the future?

MB: I do want to become a professional astronomer specializing in exoplanets. I hope to become a member of the exoplanet search team that uses ground-based or space-based telescopes to find exoplanets using different methods. I am interested in studying their composition, mass, size, density, and basically all characteristics to figure out whether the planets are habitable or not.

TAURUS Scholar Spotlight: Cosme Aquino Ovelar

Cosme Aquino Ovelar is a rising junior at the University of Oklahoma. During the program he is working with Dr. Juan Farias performing numerical N-body simulations of stellar associations collisions. He is investigating if this mechanism is a viable path to forming bound stellar systems.  Juan sat down with Cosme to know a bit more about his background.

JPF: Please tell me who you are and how you got into the Taurus program.

CAO: I'm a rising junior from Paraguay at the University of Oklahoma. I applied to TAURUS this year because I wanted to get a feel of life as an astrophysics researcher, visit the well-established McDonald Observatory, and because I value the program's commitment to diversity. All of the above made TAURUS an excellent environment for me, so when I got accepted, I was very excited!

JPF: I understand you are a non-resident. How did it happen that you came to study in the US? Did you come alone?  Are you enjoying your stay?

CAO: That's right! From the moment I started to see astronomy as a possible career path, I knew I had to migrate if I wanted to study this subject at a higher level since no universities in Paraguay offer astronomy as a major. In 2018, I was privileged to attend a United World College in Victoria, Canada, for my last two high school years. This invaluable experience gave me the perspective to consider new educational opportunities, like applying to some North American universities. That's how I got to the University of Oklahoma. I came to the United States by myself. Still, I made incredibly kindhearted friends along the way who have been a support network in my life here, like my family back home, encouraging me in my educational journey right from the beginning. 

JPF: How did you get interested in Astronomy? Did you consider other majors?

CAO: The universe has always been a fascinating topic, but the concept of black holes was particularly the fuel that inspired me at a younger age. In later years, my participation in astronomy olympiads in Paraguay contributed significantly to ensuring I was doing what I enjoyed the most. So when it was time to go to college, I was confident I wanted to do astronomy.

JPF: Tell me about your Silver medal in the Latin America Olympiad you got. How did you get involved in it? How did you prepare? How did it feel to compete?

CAO: Of course! 2017 was an enriching year since I was selected to represent Paraguay as part of a team at the Latin American Olympiad of Astronomy and Astronautics [OLAA] in Antofagasta, Chile. The preparation included intense months of learning astronomical concepts and solving theoretical problems, and I enjoyed learning about the different topics a lot, so this was a hobby for me. I was lucky to meet other astronomy enthusiasts from the region and visit the Very Large Telescope [VLT].

JPF: Nice to hear you visited my home country! I hope you enjoyed it! So, what do you think was the most challenging aspect of the experience? What was your most difficult topic? And your favorite?

CAO:  The most challenging aspect was making sense of the mathematics behind astronomy. Especially spherical trigonometry, which I avoid to this day. My favorite topic was pulsating variable stars since they are fundamental for measuring extragalactic distances. 

JPF: Ha! I also try to dodge trigonometry as much as I can. There is no escape I’m afraid. How is the program treating you so far? What have you learned?

CAO: The program is treating me great so far! I'm enjoying my time here. I’m learning much about everything in this field, from current research problems in astronomy, like the plane of satellite galaxies problem and the detailed formation of open clusters, to code development, machine learning, and even Astro twitter.

JPF: What lessons do you think you will be taking away from the program?

CAO: Science is collaborative. This is something that I thought I knew, yet being present here has added another layer to my understanding of this topic. Theorists, observers, engineers, and science communicators are all involved in producing/sharing knowledge. It was particularly touching to experience this during the release of JWST images. 

JPF:  What do you like to do outside astronomy? 

CAO: I love cooking, making coffee, and playing sand volleyball. I would always be down to do these activities, especially during summer. I also enjoy watching sunsets, writing poetry, and listening to music. 

JPF: What are your plans for the future? 

CAO: My plans for the near future include going to graduate school, volunteering for
Astronomy for Development, and traveling to more places. 

TAURUS Scholar Spotlight: Cayden Kirkpatrick

Cayden Kirkpatrick joins the TAURUS program from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, where he is double majoring in astronomy-physics and history as a rising junior. Cayden is working with Dr. Dominique Segura-Cox and Professor Stellar Offner this summer to measure the masses of some of the youngest protostars by studying how material in their surrounding disks rotate with ALMA data. Dominique recently sat down with Cayden to learn more about his background and interests.

DMS: Where did you join us from? Can you tell us a little bit about your background?

CK: I’m currently a rising junior at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and I also grew up in Madison. I’m majoring in astronomy-physics and history, and I’m working on two minors in French and American Indian Studies. I took an interest in space and astronomy from a young age, which has only grown over time. Since middle school, I’ve been studying astronomy extracurricularly, especially through Science Olympiad events.

DMS: Astrophysics and history is an unusual combination. What about history interests you?

CK:  There’s something intrinsically cool to me about analyzing what happened in the past, but what’s most interesting is learning from the past and how the past can impact present day events. I think of history as a good tool to investigate the world around us, similar to a scientific investigation. There’s a lot of history that’s really under-studied, especially in terms of Native American history, which is what I concentrate on.

DMS: You must be really busy on campus with so many classes! What other activities are you involved in at the University of Wisconsin-Madison?

CK:  I’m involved in a number of clubs, including the astronomy club on campus. I’m in a choir and do intramural sports. Mostly, I spend my extra time working with Native American student organizations. I’m an enrolled member of the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, and I’ve always enjoyed participating in cultural events and learning about my heritage. That’s partially why I’m interested in history. I’m currently learning the Choctaw language through a summer course, which will also count towards my American Indian Studies minor.

DMS: What are the Native American student organizations you’re involved in?

CK: There’s a social/community organization, Wunk Sheek, and I’m on a multi-college advisory board that helps make college life inclusive for Native American students. I’m also involved in AISES (American Indian Science and Engineering Society), which I serve as the vice president of.  I’m transitioning to be the AISES president in the fall. I’ve also attended nation-wide AISES conferences, and at this fall’s National Conference I’m going to co-host a session called “Indigenizing STEM,” which will focus on ways to make STEM career paths more accessible and open for Native American youth.

DMS: What made you interested in joining the TAURUS program this summer?

CK:  I haven’t been involved in research at my home institution, and I wanted a chance to dedicate myself to research over the summer. When I was looking for programs I really appreciated how the TAURUS program fostered a sense of community and was really supportive of students, more than standard REU programs. I had more than one option for research over the summer, and in the end I also really liked the research topic that was proposed to me through TAURUS.

DMS: What excites you most about doing research?

CK: The idea that I’m looking at something novel, that no one else has done this before, that I’m contributing to the greater field of astronomy. Actively doing research is a great contrast to classes, where we learn about what other people have done. I like the independence of research and being able to explore and try out my own ideas. I like the potential of discovering something unexpected, since the results aren’t predetermined like they are with homework.

DMS: Tell me about what you do for fun. Do you have any hobbies?

CK: I do a lot of geocaching, which is using GPS to hunt for hidden notes or little treasure boxes at specific coordinates. I like to hike and explore new areas. I also really love to travel.

DMS: Where do you like to travel, and where do you most want to visit that you haven’t seen yet?

CK: I like traveling to more obscure, unseen places. Big cities are fun too, but I like smaller places that have unique things that they’re known for or that have historical significance. I’m doing study abroad next spring in France, which I haven’t been to yet, and I’m really excited. In the future I just want to explore other places new to me.

TAURUS Scholar Spotlight: Isaiah Pipkin

Isaiah Pipkin is a rising junior majoring in Astronomy and Physics. He didn't have far to travel being at the University of Texas at Austin. Working with Professor Karl Gebhardt, he is going through the very large database for the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment and helping to calibrate the machine learning efforts. With millions of sources, we rely on machine learning to help decide which ones are actual galaxies, and Isaiah is working the hard and extremely important step of making sure the machine learning has the best inputs. Karl had a great conversation with Isaiah on his experience so far.

KG: You just returned from observing at McDonald and it sounded fun. How did you keep yourself up at night?

IP: What? Staying up at night was easy. This was the most fun I have had in the long time, and just the excitement of taking data and using the telescope kept me awake. No problem. I could easily see myself becomming an observer, after this experience. I would love to go back and do it again.

KG: What made the observing experience so special?

IP: Over the pandemic, many people had to stop observing and go all remote. Being physically at the telescope made it that much more special realizing how unique a siutation we have here at UT. Being a student operating this telescope was exciting. It's the whole process that was fun, from just learning to troubleshooting to taking data. It never got bored. Being on your own operating this telescope is an amazing experience. I basically got to experience the art of discovery. I was being trusted to do science, and do it on my own. I told my family about it and told them that this is what I really want to do. I was able to see myself do this for a living and I loved it. My mother was very happy to hear that.

KG: Why astronomy in the first place?

IP: My mother wanted me to go into engineering. I wanted astronomy. What drove me is the power of discovery; the fact that I could make an impact, whether small or large, on this human pursuit that has been going on for centuries. The feeling of having contribution to exploring the wonders of the universe is special. This is something where Astronomy can play a unique role compared to other disciplines.

KG: What in your background might have generated your interest?

IP: My mother bought me a telescope when I was a kid. The point was to just have fun with it, but I quickly realized how exciting it was to look at the universe. That set me on my path. My high school physics played a significant role in fostering my love of this field. She had a huge impact and encouraged me to pursue this in college.

KG: What did you miss in Houston when you first went to college. I ask this since my daughter is moving out of state for university this fall, and I want to know what to do and not to do.

IP: The thing I missed the most was family and friends. Of course, I made friends here but the trust one develops to know someone will be there is important to have. I had strong encouragement from my mother and that helped a lot. Some of the strongest advice would be to just be there and listen. You don't even have to say anything. Being away from home is hard in itself, and sometimes you don't need a solution or guidance, but just being a listening friend. Do that, and it will make everything so much easier to transition.

KG: What would excite you the most in research?

IP: Getting my first paper out! It means you are in the game. I want that experience and excitement of doing the science on my own and contributing.

KG: If you could go back and speak to yourself as a young kid, what would you say now to encourage that kid to go into astronomy and research?

IP: Give them your story. It is so powerful to make a connection by what you went through. I did not have a lot of opportunities, but I did have individuals who were very supportive. Hearing similar stories and background from someone who is in the field provides powerful motivation. This is the motivation that that kid is looking for. Make it clear that this path is available to everyone, and you should push for it. It will be hard but I'd make it clear that you will find support. There is nothing to be afraid of. College can often be seen as just a burden, an extension of high school. I'd make it clear that it is opportunity to do what you want and find a home. I love what I am doing right now. That's the strongest message one can give.

TAURUS Scholar Spotlight: Ian Wolter

 

Ian Wolter joins us from Smith College in Massachusetts, where they are a rising junior double-majoring in astronomy and physics. This summer, they are working with Professor John Chisholm and Dr. Michelle Berg on determining the star formation rates for galaxies in a group that houses a quasar and large blobs of cool gas. Michelle sat down with Ian to learn more about their interests.

MAB: What are some unique things about yourself that you would like to share?

IW: I guess these are unique in academia: I’m trans non-binary and Latiné, specifically Dominican-American.

MAB: What do you enjoy most about astronomy and physics?

IW: I find astronomy and physics to be fields that are much more creative and imaginative than they’re given credit for. The practice of searching for the unknown. Coming up with the questions that we need answers to. We’re studying the universe, the broadest thing we can imagine, by looking at such specific, focused things. I enjoy the process of doing astrophysics research. It’s like watching a story unfold.

MAB: I love that description. Have you had any previous research experiences?

IW: This past year, I was on a student research team at Smith College that observed exoplanet transits. It was mainly observational research where we tracked TESS candidates and hot Jupiters. It was a lot of fun getting to use a 16” telescope. The night sky is much darker in western Massachusetts than in New Jersey where I’m from, and it makes me so happy to be able to see more than 5 things in the sky. It was a great introduction to research. I got into the rhythm of observing, photometry, and working with the team to deal with the obstacles that inevitably arose.

MAB: What are your hobbies outside of school?

IW: I love learning languages. I’ve been learning German since starting college and before that I was learning Norwegian. I learned Norwegian when I was a high school exchange student in Norway for a year. It was incredible to be immersed in a new language and culture. I also love cross country skiing, camping, and reading. I’m currently reading The Night Circus by Erin Morgenstern.

MAB: No way! The Night Circus is one of my favorite books. We will have to chat once you finish it. What are you most excited about for this summer?

IW: The McDonald Observatory trip. I’m hoping we’ll get to see the Milky Way. Otherwise, I’m looking forward to seeing how much I’ll grow by the end of the program. I’ve already learned so much and it’s only been a few weeks.

MAB: What are you most proud of?

IW: I’m most proud of how much I’ve grown into myself in the past few years, the past year specifically. I’ve gotten a lot better at advocating for myself, asking for help, and at expressing myself. Especially in regards to my queer identity, I’ve become more accepting of myself.

MAB: Are there any mentors of yours that have been helpful or inspiring along the way?

IW: You [Michelle] have been a great mentor to me; I’ve learned so much from you already. The grad students have also been great mentors. My grad student mentors - Kendall and Olivia - inspire me so much. Back at Smith College, my advisors Doreen Weinberger and James Lowenthal have given me so much advice that I’m so grateful for. In addition, the recently graduated senior class of physics and astronomy majors have given me a sense of belonging and made me feel that I have a place in this field.

MAB: You absolutely have a place in this field. What advice would you give to high school or undergraduate students who might want to follow a similar path to you?

IW: If you find astrophysics fun and exciting and you want to keep doing it, that’s enough. Don’t think you have to be a superhuman prodigy that never makes mistakes and fits into a rigid mold. You can do astrophysics and also be fully yourself.

MAB: Any ideas about future plans?

IW: I’ll be spending this upcoming school year studying abroad in Germany, which I’m very excited about. Further into the future, I want to go to graduate school for astrophysics and continue pursuing research.

TAURUS Scholar Spotlight: Rachel Nere

Today's TAURUS Scholar Spotlight is on Rachel Nere, who is pursuing her degree in physics at the University of Massachusetts Boston.  This summer, Rachel is working with NASA Hubble Fellow Dr. Arianna Long on understanding the colors of distant galaxies that will be measured soon with the James Webb Space Telescope.  Arianna sat down with Rachel to learn more about her passion and motivation.

AL: Please tell us more about you. What's your story?

RN: I'm from the Greater Boston Area, and I went to school there my entire life. I'm a first generation Haitian American and also a first-gen soon-to-be college graduate. I grew up reading every book I could get my hands on about astronomy and physics. So I went to college to study those things. I ended up transferring a few times because I wasn't getting the support I needed from other schools, or in a personal sense. But I’m now at a school where I’ve gotten the support I needed to pursue a career in physics and astronomy. That made a huge difference in my career trajectory and in my confidence in doing the work. I took every opportunity I had, even if it wasn't astronomy or physics based, to get experience until I could get the experience in the field which fulfilled a childhood dream of mine. Those experiences solidified that I wanted to pursue research in a doctoral program after I graduate. I'm studying physics at UMass Boston, and I have an English minor with a certificate in quantum information.

AL: What inspired you to pursue a career in astronomy?

RN: I was six years old playing in my backyard with my dad and siblings when I looked up into the sky at night and wondered what made the Universe tick. From that moment on, it made me want to be an astronomer/astrophysicist and it made me fall in love with the night sky. I've wanted to pursue astronomy and physics ever since.

AL: What are you most proud of?

RN: The first thing I thought of was my Hot Science Summer proposal. HSS was a crowd funded project sponsored by VanguardSTEM to give Black and brown women / gender minorities the chance to do science the way they want to. I was part of the inaugural group and I got to do observations at the Maria Mitchell Observatory in Nantucket, Massachusetts with this funding. I was also part of the inaugural class for the Quantum Information Certificate in my school (there is a big push for QI education in the U.S.); it was really fun to do. Also all of the research opportunities I've gotten, both in school and outside of it; they motivated me and gave me the confidence to keep going in science, and I'm proud of myself for that. It makes me see how everything is interconnected, and how beautiful all of it is. 

AL: What mentors, teachers, or role models have been the most important to you in your life?

RN: Professor Stephen Arnason, Professor Mohamed Gharbi, Professor Alioscia Hamma -- they were the first professors that truly believed in me, gave me guidance on what I needed to do to be better, and gave me support when I transferred to UMass Boston. They also have a hand in giving / introducing me to a bunch of opportunities in physics. Rudy Montez Jr. and Sophia Sanchez-Maes -- they were my first official research advisor and STEM mentor from last summer; they gave me a lot of support, cheered me on, understood me, and were very kind, and patient with me, especially during a global pandemic. And of course you (Arianna) and Quang (UT grad student) -- because you guys are such good humans, supportive, kind, real, uplifting, and understand all aspects of what makes me, me.

AL: Ah well it's a pleasure! What challenges and obstacles have you faced in your career? How have you overcome these challenges?

RN: A lot, to put it in short. Genuinely. I don't feel comfortable mentioning most of it, but some points did push me to do / pursue things that I wouldn't have otherwise. For example, I had one of my friends pass away right when we were both accepted into the internship from last summer. I almost didn't accept it, but when I heard the news I decided otherwise because who am I to reject it when she was so excited for it. I did it for the both of us. I ended up wearing a t-shirt dedicated to her every single week in the program when I was with the other students so it felt like she was there with us. Experiences like that pushed me to do things I never thought would happen, or meet amazing people and get the support I need to keep going in academia and in my personal life.

AL: What advice would you give to high school and undergraduate students of similar background to you who are interested in following your path? What’s one piece of advice you wish you had when you started your STEM journey?

RN: I'd say, say yes to everything, take every opportunity you can. Feeling like you're not smart enough is a common feeling. Almost everyone has that feeling of not being enough for something, but you have to remind yourself that it's not true. You are more than smart enough and you should therefore go after whatever that thing is. You never know what you don't know until you take that thing (class, opportunity, etc.). Also, ask ALL THE QUESTIONS because there's probably someone who has the same question, and lots of people love questions. Part of learning is to ask questions. It also helps breed your own curiosity, and curiosity is part of what keeps science and the world going.

AL: What else are you passionate about?

RN: I'm passionate about music, I listen to a lot of different genres. I play the violin and piano. I also love dancing (hip hop, contemporary, bachata, salsa, kompa, afrobeats). I like to write poetry and sometimes short stories. I like reading, mostly mystery and fantasy. I watch a lot of anime and K-dramas, and I read manga. And I enjoy spending time with good people, friends, and loved ones.

AL: Anything else you want people to know about you?

RN: I used to be a video game addict! I still have admiration for video games; my favorite one will always be Kingdom Hearts. 

TAURUS Scholar Spotlight: Destiny Howell

The third TAURUS Scholar Spotlight of the year is all about Destiny Howell.  Destiny comes to UT from Hunter College in New York City where she's a rising senior.  She's doing research this summer on brown dwarfs with Dr. Yifan Zhou, a 51 Pegasi B Fellow in the Astronomy Department.  Yifan recently sat down with Destiny to get to know her better.

YZ: What made you interested in the TAURUS program?

DH: There are many reasons. I like that the TAURUS program caters to students from minority backgrounds. This program creates a safe space for me and lets me feel comfortable doing what I am passionate about. I am also fascinated by the McDonald Observatory. In fact, I will visit there in a few weeks. I am really excited about it.

YZ: That’s awesome! I guarantee that you’ll see the most beautiful night sky out there. You have been in the program for a few weeks. How’s your experience in these weeks?

DH: I have been doing research as well as attending workshops. These workshops are very informative. I learned a lot of valuable techniques, including how to do research and how to program in python. Coming from New York City, I find Texas a big shock. But I have been feeling comfortable here.

YZ: Have you explored the city of Austin?

DH: Yes! I have made friends with other scholars. We went to downtown Austin, visited the state capitol, and attended a concert. We want to explore more, maybe go rock climbing.

YZ: That’s a lot of fun! We usually chat about our work in our meetings, but I don’t know too much about you outside of work. What do you like to do in your free time?

DH: I like painting, and I sell my artwork. I also do sculpture sometimes. In the past, I also ran track and played volleyball.

YZ: I didn’t know you are an artist. Have you thought about making a painting for our project? Painting a brown dwarf will make an awesome poster.

DH: Yes, that’s a good idea. I’d love to do it.

YZ: Are there any challenges and obstacles you find in your life?

DH: Being a Black woman in a STEM field, I find it difficult to have peers that look like myself. There are also some unhealthy competitions in the field. I have to battle against having self-doubt. But I have great mentors in my universities that offer me a lot of help so I can overcome these obstacles.

YZ: I hope the TAURUS program will give you more strength. I also hope your experience can encourage more people like you to join STEM fields. Tell me about what you like about research.

DH: I like the fact that I am constantly learning new things. I love studying observational data and interpreting the scientific mechanisms behind the data. This research experience also tells me what it is like to be a scientist, which I enjoy.

YZ: Final question, tell me about your plan for the future.

DH: I will go to grad school, but I am still debating between physics, astronomy, or some other related STEM fields. After grad school, I can see myself working at NASA or SpaceX and contributing to the aerospace industry.

TAURUS Scholar Spotlight: Alfonso Melendez

Today's TAURUS Scholar Spotlight is on Alfonso Melendez, a rising junior right here at the University of Texas at Austin.  Alfonso is transitioning to an astronomy major and is spending the summer working with Prof. Caitlin Casey and UT graduate student Olivia Cooper on spectra of galaxies taken as part of the Webb Epoch of Reionization Lyman-alpha Survey (WERLS).  Caitlin and Olivia sat down with Alfonso recently to get to know him more.

CC: Please tell us more about you. What's your story?

AM: I'm from San Antonio, lived there until I was 18 and then moved up to Austin for college.  I came to UT as an anthropology major, having a lot of interest in Mayan archeology actually, but after my first semester, I became disillusioned with that field after realizing studying it in practice was a bit different than what I thought it would be.  Astronomy was always an interest of mine in school, but I convinced myself I wasn't smart enough for all of the math and physics involved, but now I guess I'm discovering it's more accessible than I thought. Outside of academics, I've always been into art too, anything where I'm creating, especially painting and drawing.

OC: What inspired you to pursue a career in astronomy?

AM: I have a very clear memory of being in 2nd grade, and we weren't learning anything space related, but I know that 3rd graders were — they had their work on the solar system on display in the hallways of the school.  I remember looking at that work and thinking that I **could not wait** to be a 3rd grader and learn about space too.  This answer might seem juvenile, but space is really cool.  That feeling hasn't gone away from that time in 2nd grade to my time doing research today.

CC: I concur.  I think "space is cool" is honestly the reason we are all here!  What are you most proud of?

AM: My parents are actually undocumented Mexican immigrants, and I was the 3rd child of four, and I was the only person in my family who was passionate about learning.  Family support for education was very limited (my parents dropped their education after the 6th grade in Mexico), so for me to stick with it has been a huge challenge. Especially because I don't have a lot of people to look at for guidance on how to take the next steps. I'm really proud of how far I've made it, and I hope to keep going.  Sometimes I forget how much I've learned to get here.

OC: What mentors, teachers, or role models have been the most inspiring to you in your life?

AM: Well, I was really lucky to have Caitlin as my astronomy professor both last semester and this semester, and I was really excited to be paired with you as my research mentor.  Other than that, we just got out of a mentoring workshop where we were talking about how mentorship can come from peers and not just those senior to us, and that really resonated with me.  So another answer would be: my friends!  I have made some really great friendships here in Austin that I'm so thankful for.  Those are people I can go to anytime about anything; I can find so much comfort there and that keeps me going.

CC: Tell us a bit more about your interest in archeology and astronomy.  There is some interesting cross-over there so we're wondering if your attraction to both fields has some similarities?

AM: These two fields were the ones I was always interested in.  For the longest time I felt they were so different, but then at the same time, there are aspects of each that are similar.  I think I'm drawn to both due to their mysterious qualities.  There's a lot that's unknown about archeological sites that's lost to the past, and astronomy is actually pretty similar in its focus on solving mysteries of the unknown.

OC: They are both history in different ways.

AM: Yes, one history is a bit older than the other of course… billions of years rather than thousands of years!

OC: What challenges and obstacles have you faced in your career? How have you overcome these challenges?

AM: Getting into college was a huge obstacle for me.  In junior year of high school, a friend of mine asked me what my strategy was going to be for college applications and asked how I was going to apply to FAFSA with undocumented parents.  My reaction was "FAFSA, what's that? who's that?" So navigating stuff like that was really hard real time while I was doing it.  Building up the courage to actually go ask for help at my school felt like a huge mountain to climb.  Many times it would have been easier to just pass on some opportunities than take the time to figure it all out, but I'm really glad that I persevered through it to be here today.

CC: What advice would you give to high school and undergraduate students of similar background to you who are interested in following your path?

AM: Stick with it! It just comes down to figuring out how to deal with stuff that's very uncomfortable and unfamiliar to you.  But you'll know if pushing your education is what you want, then you just have to stick with it.  Going through with it can bring on a lot of uncomfortable feelings, but I've tried to keep my eye on the goal, knowing I want to be a part of this world that feels so different from the one I grew up in.  Looking back, I've been able to accomplish a lot and I hope to keep sticking with it.

TAURUS Scholar Spotlight: Courtney Reed

Courtney Reed joins us this summer from Amherst College in Massachusetts where she is a rising junior majoring in physics and astronomy. Courtney is thriving in her first research experience using cosmological simulations to understand galaxy evolution in our galactic neighborhood, the Local Group. She is studying the theoretical formation of extremely dim and extended low-mass galaxies by identifying analogues of a particularly puffy Milky Way satellite galaxy in simulations. She has already identified a promising simulated analogue galaxy, and her research mentor, Dr. Jenna Samuel, is excited to see where her research will take her! Dr. Samuel sat down with Courtney recently to learn a bit more about her background, interests, and outlook on the future.

Courtney has always had an interest in science beginning with stargazing with her father and frequenting the local science museum at home in Pennsylvania. She gravitated towards physics and astronomy after watching the movie Hidden Figures and seeing her own identity as a Black woman in science represented on screen and at NASA. Since then, she has embedded herself into science and advocacy by volunteering at the very science museum where her interests began to introduce younger generations to science, serving on the NAACP Youth Council in high school, and joining the Black Student Union and other groups dedicated to uplifting underrepresented students in STEM at Amherst.

Looking towards the future, Courtney is hopeful that physics and astronomy are changing for the better – she and other TAURUS scholars will bring much needed new perspectives to the field and our collective body of knowledge. Such enhanced representation of traditionally marginalized people will bring with it a diversity of discoveries that are otherwise unexplored. Courtney also looks forward to more culturally conscious advances in astronomy, particularly with regards to respecting Indigenous lands and traditions in where and how we go about our science.

 

Courtney’s academic pursuits aren’t limited to physics and astronomy though. She has a strong interest in the knowledge, ideologies, and hierarchies of race and gender that physicists and astronomers must navigate in their day-to-day scientific work. Recently, Courtney created an inspiring syllabus for a course on how race and identity interact with the formation of knowledge in physics and astronomy, flawlessly interweaving theories of feminist technoscience and epistemology in modern scientific practice.

 

Outside of work, Courtney enjoys baking and running. Her sister got her started with baking, and recently she’s gotten into cake decorating. She was on the track team at Amherst early on in college, but now finds that she enjoys running for fun in her free time more than competing.

 

Courtney acknowledges that the lack of representation of women of color in physics and astronomy is still a challenge, but she is determined to pursue her interests in spite of it. She wants to go to graduate school after college, where she will become one of the fewer than 100 Black women with PhDs in physics and astronomy. Courtney isn’t yet sure what she will do after grad school, but she’s adamant that her main goal for her future is to be happy and use whatever position she has to uplift marginalized people within her community.

TAURUS 2022 is off and running!

 It's such a pleasure to share with y'all that TAURUS 2022 is off and running with another phenomenal year of scholars.  We don't have a picture of them as one big group to share with you yet because we've been playing a bit of tag with one scholar gone one week and one the next, but we'll get the full group up here soon!  We have ten awesome scholars who've joined us in Austin from around the country working on research projects from the youngest planets forming around nearby stars to the most distant galaxies in the Universe.  Stay tuned to this blog for profiles of each scholar over the course of the summer!

Scholar Spotlight: Diana Gonzalez-Argúeta

 The last TAURUS scholar spotlight of 2021 highlights Diana Gonzalez-Argúeta from the New Jersey Institute of Technology.  She recently sat down with one of her mentors, Prof. Caroline Morley, where they discussed background, community, science, and hobbies.

Diana Gonzalez-Argúeta comes to UT Austin this summer from New Jersey, where she attends the New Jersey Institute of Technology after transferring from Hudson County Community College. She’s been working during the TAURUS program this summer with Dr. Michael Gully-Santiago and Prof. Caroline Morley to understand substellar atmospheres using comparisons between high-resolution infrared spectra from the Keck telescopes and atmosphere models. 

Her family is originally from El Salvador, and Diana grew up in a vibrant Latinx community in New Jersey filled with families from across Central and South America. She is passionate about science communication — one of her particular passions is bringing physics, astronomy, and science back to her community. In the future, one of her major goals is to serve as a medium between the academic world and Latinx communities like the one she grew up in, explaining science concepts in terms that her friends and family would connect with. 

Outside of academics, Diana loves both art and music. She has picked up several different instruments, including the guitar! 

Diana says that she’s learned a lot this summer during the TAURUS program, about both science and herself as a scientist. She is excited to apply to graduate school and get her PhD in the coming years. She’ll be applying to graduate schools in 2022, so look for her application then! 

Along with the other TAURUS Scholars, Diana will be attending the AAS meeting in Salt Lake City in January 2022, so be sure to reach out to meet her if you plan on attending!

Scholar Spotlight: Karina Kimani-Stewart

Today's scholar spotlight features Karina Kimani-Stewart who is a rising junior at Texas Tech University and is excited to pursue a career in astrophysics.  This summer she is working with Prof. Caroline Morley and Dr. Michael Gully-Santiago ("Gully") on understanding exoplanet atmospheres.  Gully sat down with Karina to learn more.

MGS: What got you interested in astronomy?

KKS: As predictable as it sounds, I've always felt drawn to astronomy -- I was the kid who spent summer at space camp! Knowing that there are questions we don't even know to ask yet about worlds we don't even know exist yet is the most fascinating thought. 

MGS: What’s an example of something you learned at the TAURUS program so far?

KKS: Spending this time in TAURUS has taught me to become comfortable with pursuing the unknown. I mean this not only in the scientific sense, but also in the social sense. The way is not yet clearly paved for me or any other young, woman of color in this field. That is why I'm thankful that this program has given me the opportunity to find what it means to be not only an astronomy researcher, but an African-American astronomy researcher.

MGS: What’s been the hardest part of research so far?

KKS: The biggest challenge has been changing my mindset. In school, we're always told "Here's the problem and the answer. Show me how to get there." Whereas here, we're told "Here's the problem and the answer we think might be correct. Show me how to get there." The reason we do what we do is because we are legitimately looking for answers that don't yet exist. As you have taught me, it is important to approach this work with a compass rather than a map, and that shift in thought has been difficult yet rewarding.

MGS: What do you want people to know about you?

KKS: I believe we, as a scientific community, should focus less on trying to get ahead of one another and more on working to progress together. Rather than viewing education as a competition for "best (fill in the blank)" or "highest achievement in (fill in the blank)", we should put more emphasis on our contributions to the bigger picture.

MGS: If you could time travel to 2030, what would you hope to see about the world and about yourself?

KKS: In 2030, I hope to see that the world became more comfortable with adapting to change. As for myself, I hope to look back at the last nine years and see that I did not waste a single opportunity to learn something new. If I can look back and truthfully say that I did everything in my power to become a better, more knowledgeable person, I'd call that a success!

Karina will be presenting her research at the upcoming winter AAS meeting in Salt Lake City, in January 2022.  She's looking forward to meeting up with you there
!

Scholar Spotlight: Stefany Fabian Dubon

Stefany is from the Republic of El Salvador, a country in Central America. She is now pursuing a major in physics at Bryn Mawr College in Pennsylvania. This summer, Stefany analyzes the physical conditions and chemical abundances of a local sample of star-forming galaxies using optical spectra from SDSS, MUSE, and LBT data. In the TAURUS program, she is being supported by Prof. Danielle Berg and Dr. Karla Z. Arellano-Córdova. For Stefany, this is her first internship, which makes this adventure more exciting and many things to learn and experiment with. 

KZAC: Why did you select astronomy as your first internship?

SFB: I knew that I wanted to do something in physics since that is my field, but you know astronomy gives me the chance to learn about something bigger than myself, and to study things like stars and planets, which I’ve been curious about for a while. When I found and read about this internship, I instantly realized that I wanted to be a part of it; not only because it would give me the opportunity to work in a field I found so interesting and wanted to learn about, but also because one of its main goals is to create a community for minorities and underrepresented students, which I belong to. It gave me the chance as a latina, women of color to be surrounded by amazing people with similar backgrounds, who share a love for astronomy and who I can learn from! 

KZAC: What most excites you about doing research?

SFB: Just everything, literally! I just, I love how there is not one specific way to do it. You can use different paths, you know, you can find an answer but even if you get one answer, that answer will bring more questions. Having so many possibilities and so many uncertainties and knowing that you have the answer to this thing, there are still a bunch of other things that you can still research. You can learn something new every day! Everything that you are doing is learning! I feel like research just gives you that chance, the opportunity, to do everything that you want and learn along the way.

KZAC: In your opinion, what qualities make astronomy so unique and compelling?

SFB: The fact is that it is such a diverse field, it is not limited to just learning about a specific topic. It is about the whole Universe! There are countless things we can learn about. You can study stars, planets and so on, you can find something to learn about in each corner of the Universe. I feel like in astronomy you are always gaining knowledge, and at least to me, it puts in perspective the role we as humans play and where we belong in the Universe. 

KZAC: How do you feel other aspects of your life have impacted your view on STEM careers?

Surprise! 

Stefany has a twin who is also involved in science (in biology)!  

SFB: That’s a good question! Honestly, I’ve had a love for science since I can remember and that has always been reflected in my personal life. My older sisters are in other career paths than my twin and I, and I guess seeing their work life has made me more sure of my decision to have a STEM career. You know, throughout college, I’ve taken multiple humanities classes, where we discuss race, social constructs and other social aspects, and having participated in these classes has made me realize that in STEM, there is a big need to talk about social issues. It just seems that because there is always a focus on making new discoveries, we kinda forget that we are still a part of society and thus we should also be working to improve it. There is also a big lack of diversity in STEM careers! Something that I honestly hope we will continue to improve as we keep on moving forward.

KZAC: Tell us more about you, what do you do for fun?

SFB: I really enjoy binge watching shows! I love trying new foods, bicycling, and just exploring! I love camping because it allows me to be surrounded by only nature, and it reminds me how important it is to take care of the environment. I guess in a way my love for nature reminds me that despite loving the study of stars, other planets and galaxies, we humans still have earth to take care of, and we shouldn’t forget that!

KZAC: What advice would you give to high school and undergraduate students of color interested in following your path?

SFB: I think that I would like to tell them to not get discouraged by the obstacles they will have to face as a person of color. You know, we are such a small community in this field, and there will be times where people will tell you that you don't belong here. That is 100% untrue. You should be a part of this field, and you have nothing to prove to others because you deserve to be here as much as anyone else. I also think it is extremely important to find your own people, someone who can support you and give you the advice/help that you need. I would also tell them to not let fear stop you! Keep your head held high and go for whatever goal you want!

KZAC: A last message of Stefany for as a latina woman:

SFB: Be proud of your heritage and who you represent! Because just as you are inspired by other people that look like you, there will be others who will look up at you in inspiration! You should be proud of your background and all the hard work you’ve done! Because the hardships that we have had to overcome is what has shaped us to be the people we are today! And don't ever let other people diminish or take away that!

Stefany will present her research at the American Astronomical Society’s general meeting this January. She is also motivated to get a minor in computer science. Stefany looks for adventures in science and she is looking for a graduate program where she has never been before, perhaps in another country/city. She will love to be an astronomer, but with the vision to keep learning whatever she decides in her professional life! I am sure that we will hear amazing things about her and her research shortly. 

Scholar Spotlight: Mikayla Wilson

Mikayla Wilson is a rising senior at Texas Christian University majoring in Astronomy and Physics. This summer she is working with Dr. Ben Tofflemire on a project to characterize a young eclipsing binary system using TESS light curves and near-infrared spectra from the IGRINS spectrograph. She recently sat down with Ben to talk about her career path. 

BT: What inspired you pursue a career in science generally and astronomy specifically?

MW: I think I’ve always been the type of person to just do whatever I think is interesting, without worrying too much about the practical side of things. In high school we had “majors”, and mine was Audio-Visual, which is very different from what I do now. But the approach I took was the same one I had for college, I thought “oh, this seems cool, I would enjoy it, so I’m going to do it.” I have liked astronomy since I was younger, but I wasn’t the kid with a telescope who went to observatories or anything, I just thought science was cool. So, when I got to college and astronomy was an option I picked it, and I’m glad I did. I love it so much, and I don’t think that any other major would have been as right for me. 

BT: Have there been any specific challenges you’ve faced on your path through college? 

MW: I thought about switching my major to sociology during my first semester, but looking back, I think that was more to do with the culture shock and difficulties I had transitioning from my high school. My high school was mostly made up of students of color from low income households, so moving to a private, predominantly white school was tough. I convinced myself my major was the problem, but I’m really glad I stuck it out in the end.

BT: That does sound tough. Tell me more about how you navigated that transition and how you were able to get through it.

MW: It’s kind of weird to think about, but I realized that I didn’t see myself as a minority until I was put into a predominantly white environment. My high school was half black, half Mexican, and going to TCU was so different. Most of the students had been in private school their entire lives and for many of them, TCU was the most diverse environment that they’d ever been in. 

At the same time, since I was coming from a public school, there was a gap in knowledge and I felt like I had to catch up to kids that had access to more resources growing up. On top of that, I’m the oldest child in my family and a first-generation college student. It was hard, but at the same time it pushed me towards multicultural groups and clubs that helped me to better understand and appreciate my culture. I finally found spaces with people I could relate to and who could support me.

BT: Are there any mentors of yours that have been helpful or inspiring along the way?

MW: Dr. Peter Frinchaboy is my man! For everything! He has been so awesome. He has been open about his background with me, and I’ve been able to relate to him more than with other professors. I’m so glad I have him as a mentor. There was an activity during one of the TAURUS seminars that gave this long list of different types of mentors you should have, and he was in every section for me, he just does so much, he’s so helpful, and a great professor. He gives great advice, and I feel like he genuinely understands whenever I talk to him about any issues I’m dealing with. He was also my only professor that dedicated class time to have a discussion and to educate students about Black Lives Matter. I feel like in STEM classes nobody does that, so to me, that was really special. 

BT: Wow, he sounds great! 

What advice would you give to high school and undergraduate students of color who are interested in following in your footsteps?

MW: You have to have a little bit of stubbornness in you. If you really care about it, stick with it because it will work out if you’re putting in the work. There are always going to be people, or messages from society telling you that you can’t do it, so find other students or professors that can support you by boosting up your confidence to keep you moving forward. I can’t say don’t doubt yourself, because I doubt myself sometimes too, but in the end I’m just stubborn as hell, and it’s something that I really want. You can do it!

BT: What are you most proud of?

MW: I would say I am really proud of making it to this point in my career. I never would have imagined that I would have had multiple research opportunities and the chance to be involved in educating people about issues in the field. For a minute, I wasn’t sure I was going to stay an astronomy major. It was a stressful point for me, so looking back now I can see that I’ve learned so much. Even comparing myself to last Summer, I’ve grown as a researcher, I’m much better at coding, problem solving, and it’s just really nice to see that change. Like I said, I doubt myself sometimes, so reminding myself that I’m on a good trajectory, allows me to give myself some grace. I’m just super proud of where I’m at right now and grateful to those who helped me get here.

BT: I agree!

Mikayla will be presenting her research at the American Astronomical Society’s general meeting this January. Mikayla is applying to graduate schools this fall, so make sure to stop by her poster to learn more about this rising star (pun intended) and her amazing work!

Scholar Spotlight: Imani Dindy

Imani Dindy is a rising senior physics major at Oklahoma State University. This summer he is working with Dr. Justin Spilker to study the galactic wind in the M82 galaxy using far-infrared data from the SOFIA telescope.

JS: Tell me a little about yourself. What drew you to physics and astronomy?

ID: I have always been a fan of science fiction, even though the physics in most of the movies and shows I watched were nonexistent it started a love for science at a young age.

JS: What’s your favorite sci-fi universe?

ID: Any of them where they use science-y sounding language even if it’s not realistic. It sounds silly now that I have a degree in physics, but I love the quantum realm, gigawatts, all of it! Also growing up I watched the Carl Sagan version of Cosmos and learned a lot from that.

JS: What has been your biggest challenge to pursuing a career in STEM?

ID: The fact that I am the only student of color in my classes has been stressful; you start feeling as if you don’t belong even when you’re just as qualified as everyone else in the room. Being in TAURUS everyone has had relatable experiences to mine so it’s refreshing to talk to others about it.

JS: Your first research project was in physics. How has your first astronomy-focused research project been similar or different?

ID: Both projects involved dealing with a decent amount of data which made python a necessary tool. The only difference is since my first project was in particle physics we dealt with four-vectors which was overly complicated and took way too much time to get used to.

JS: Ha, no wonder you’ve managed to do so well with the complicated data we have from SOFIA - it must be simple in comparison! Can you tell me a bit about a time you felt particularly proud of something you accomplished, in research or otherwise?

ID: I know the other TAURUS students probably feel this way, or something similar, but I was overjoyed when I was accepted into this program. Being a first generation college student and coming from an area where people that look like me don’t think of science as a career is a possibility, making it this far is something that three or four years ago would not have been conceivable.

JS: Do you have any tips or advice for undergrad students who might want to follow a similar path to you?

ID: Build professional relationships with professors whose research aligns with your interest. Don’t be discouraged to reach out and ask to visit their lab or to simply ask a few questions. Most professors are excited to talk to students who show interest in their work and look forward to helping you.

JS: Where do you see yourself in 5 or 10 years?

ID: I see myself finishing up grad school and hopefully having a few postdoc offers. Along the way I would like to establish a few science programs at my old elementary school, where the teachers didn’t have a lot of resources for students who like science like me. 

Scholar Spotlight: Amanda Lue

Amanda Lue is a rising senior at Colgate University majoring in physics and astronomy, working with Dr. David Guszejnov to study the distribution of gas in star forming clouds. She sat down with her mentor recently to discuss her journey of becoming a scientist.

DG: What made you decide to be a scientist?

AL: I have always preferred science topics to humanities, but I wasn’t one of those people who dreamt of being an astronomer from a young age. It was more of a process. What mainly appealed to me in scientific research is that you don’t know what the answer will be, you might have an idea, but you don’t really know. We are not working on going from A to B, but exploring. I also like how collaborative science is, how we build upon ideas from people all over the world, both present and past. I like being a part of the great human endeavor to build our collective knowledge.  

DG: How did your previous experiences impact your view on STEM careers? When was the first time you saw yourself as a scientist?

AL:  As a first-generation college student for a long time I have only seen myself as someone learning what others have done in science. The first time I realized that I could be a part of the people contributing to this body of knowledge was when I got to my undergraduate institution and found out about the research opportunities they had with professors. Having a science question and going out to find an answer, doing the actual work instead of just learning about it in class made me realize that I could be a part of this.

DG: Tell us about yourself, what do you do for fun?

AL: I like hiking, as long as it's not too steep, so that my mind is not completely preoccupied with the hike itself. I like camping, visiting dark sky spots and just being in nature. I am also into painting and I like using pastels. I mostly do impressionist landscapes; I love how it can look really messy close up, but if one takes a step back and squints it suddenly looks beautiful.

DG: Becoming a scientist is not easy. Have you faced many challenges in getting this far?

AL: It was not at all easy. I am from Jamaica and I knew that I wanted to go abroad to find a good physics or astronomy program. Unfortunately, I knew very little about how to do that, as I am the first one in my family to go to university, especially one in a different country. There were agencies that could help, but we couldn’t afford those, so I had to do all the research on the process, like SATs, visas, by myself.  

Even after being accepted to Colgate I found new challenges there, like being one of the very few women or persons of color in physics classes. Being a first-generation college student, I had no idea how things really worked, I had to build my own support network. I also wanted to go to graduate school but I did not know what one needs to do during undergrad to get there.

DG: What advice would you give to a high school or undergraduate student from a similar background as yours who would want to follow the same path as you?

AL: Students coming to a foreign school often feel isolated. For example, my school is a predominantly white institution, people from the Caribbean are few and far between. But they are there and I would advise incoming students to seek out others at the university with similar backgrounds and shared experiences, who understand their issues and can help them. This is one of the main reasons that I am one of the co-leaders of the
local Caribbean Students Association at my school. 

Amanda will be presenting her results at the AAS winter meeting in 2022 and she will also planning to apply for graduate school this Fall and continue doing research in astronomy.

Scholar Spotlight: Rebeca Soto Armendariz

Rebeca Soto recently graduated from Angelo State University and will be attending Arizona State University as a graduate student in astronomy in the fall of 2021.  This summer she is working with Prof. Brendan Bowler on the orbital properties of planet-hosting binaries as part of the TAURUS research program at The University of Texas at Austin.

BB: What inspired you to pursue a career in astronomy or science in general?  What draws you to science in the first place?

RS: Since I was a child I always loved looking at the stars.  I remember going to a small town in Mexico where my dad is from; it had very dark skies and made me fall in love with astronomy.  My bed used to be next to the window and every night I would spend a lot of time looking up and seeing how the stars and planets moved.

When I got to high school I had a physics teacher who inspired me to go into STEM.  I always liked math and physics but seeing another woman doing something similar, and seeing how good she was at it, was important to me.  In high school I used to do a lot of reading, which also motivated me to study astronomy.

BB: Please tell me more about yourself. What do you do for fun?

RS: I was born and raised in Mexico.  I moved to the US four years ago for college and I really like it here.  My plan at first was to finish college and go back home but I now want to stay for longer.

I like to read, especially novels, and I enjoy spending time with other people.  I’ve been socializing with other TAURUS students; we’ve gone to dinners and went swimming at Zilker.  It was nice!

BB: In your opinion, what qualities make astronomy so unique and compelling?

RS: It’s amazing to me that we can study objects so far away.  I also like how creative astronomers get to be in their work.  The field also seems very social; everyone seems open and wanting to help when questions come up. 

BB: Is there anything that you’re particularly proud of that you’d like to share— for example, something that’s happened along your academic or personal trajectory?

RS: I’m really proud of getting my Bachelor’s degree.  It’s been a goal since I was a child.  I’m also proud that I graduated Magna Cum Laude, which was a personal goal of mine to show my parents how appreciative I am of their support.  Getting into graduate school was also a big deal!  Applying to graduate schools was challenging because it’s always seemed distant to me.

BB: What mentors, teachers, or role models have been the most inspiring to you in your life?

RS: Definitely my parents; they always supported me and helped me pursue my dreams.  My brother, who’s smart, hard working, and determined.  He’s always been a role model for me.  Within astronomy, my advisor as an undergrad—Dr. Carrell—who first got me into research.  He explained how everything worked, especially applications for graduate school.  


BB: What challenges and obstacles have you faced in your career? How have you overcome these challenges? 

RS: Not having English as a first language is something I’ve struggled with.  It’s always been harder to pay attention in class because I needed to focus.  I also find that it can be challenging reading scientific papers.  I feel like I’ve had to think more about what I’m going to say than others.  My accent has also made me self conscience.  It’s been one of my biggest obstacles, especially when I present in English, but the ability to speak two languages also has advantages.

BB: You’ll be heading to the Arizona State University for graduate school next month— congratulations!  What are you most looking forward to at ASU?

RS: I’ve heard from several professors that graduate school is the best and the worst of times.  I’m looking forward to the learning and the growth.  I’m also excited to be working on my own research.  It’s scary but I’m looking forward to it.  Also, as an undergrad my main focus has been in physics, but my passion is in astronomy, so I can’t wait to pursue that more at ASU.

BB: What advice would you give to high school and undergraduate students interested in following your path?

RS: I would tell them to not give up.  There’s a misconception that in astronomy, physics, and STEM that you have to be very smart, and have to be very good at math.  But it’s also about being resourceful and working very hard.  If you’re not the best at math, go the extra mile and don’t give up.  Don’t be discouraged because you don’t think you’re smart enough.

BB: What are your future and long-term career goals?

RS: In the short-term I’ll be going to grad school and getting my PhD.  I plan to study galaxy evolution, but I’d like to also continue carrying out some research in exoplanets, maybe as a second research project.  

Beyond that, I would like to become a professor because from what I’ve seen it’s a great job.  You get to do research on work you’re interested in, and you can continually learn from other people.  It’s a great position where you can help students.  I would especially like to support students with my same background because it can be easier to for both sides to relate to each other based on common experiences and struggles. 

I’m really glad for TAURUS, especially as an international student.  I feel supported and I like that I can meet other students with similar backgrounds, especially Hispanic students because I don’t know that many.

Scholar Spotlight: Mateo Guerra Toro

The third scholar spotlight of 2021 features Mateo Guerra Toro, a physics major at the Missouri State University. Mateo is working with Dr. Yifan Zhou in using Bayesian statistics to correct the biases in the inclination measurements of brown dwarfs' spin axes. He will also use the updated measurements to explore the viewing geometry effect on the brown dwarfs' variability amplitudes and colors. He recently sat down with Dr. Zhou to discuss his trajectory.

YZ: Tell me about yourself: your background and what inspired you to pursue a career in astronomy/science?

MGT: I was born and raised in Ecuador. I started to grow an interest in physics and engineering when I was in high school. I enjoyed solving physics questions! Then, when I was seventeen, I moved to the US to study physics at Missouri State University. Over there, my friend introduced me to volunteer at the university observatory, where I learned to set up a 16-inch telescope for public viewing. I really love doing it! Through the volunteer work, I met my research advisor, Dr. Sarah Morrison, and started doing research about protoplanetary disks with her. This research work makes my interest in astronomy grow, so I decided to pursue a career in astronomy.

YZ: Wow, going abroad at the age of seventeen! That must be quite an adventure. Is there anything you find particularly challenging or enjoyable studying in the US?

MGT: English is what I find challenging. Although I've been learning English my whole life, I had never been to an English environment before coming to the US. So I had to overcome the language barrier. I make progress all the time.

YZ: Same thing for me. I am still learning English every day of my life. What about the enjoyable part?

MGT: The people surrounding me. They are very nice and make me happy. I enjoy hanging out with them, playing soccer, and watching movies together.

YZ: Let's talk about astronomy. What's in astronomy that you find the most compelling?

MGT: I am fascinated by cosmology, the evolution of the universe, and the formation and evolution of galaxies. I am also passionate about my research in protoplanetary disks and my current project about brown dwarfs. 

YZ: Is there a moment in your research when you have felt really proud?

MGT: Yes! The moment I got my results from my protoplanetary disk simulations. In that project, I put together the simulations and arranged the setup files. I was learning the physics behind the simulation and programming at the same time, which was not easy. The simulation was about a disk around a late-M star. The graph I obtained showed that the simulation evolves into a multi-planet system that mimics the TRAPPIST-1 system. This was because the planets were trapped in a resonance chain. Seeing my simulation results match a real planetary system is very satisfying.

YZ: That's awesome! I can feel your passion for your research. What motivates you to apply to the TAURUS program?

MGT: As an international student, I have much fewer options. The NSF REUs typically don't accept international students. That's why I am very grateful to the TAURUS organizers, Caitlin and John, for giving me this opportunity. What I like the most about TAURUS program is that it is very well structured and organized. It includes summer research and encourages and supports us to go to the AAS meeting to present our research. These are super valuable for my career.

YZ: Speaking of career, where do you see yourself in 5 or 10 years?

MGT: I want to be a professional astronomer and have a
research group. I want to use my knowledge and experience to help the scientific community grow.

YZ: Finally, if someone came to you for advice, what would you tell them?

MGT: pay attention to what you love. Don't be discouraged by other people, especially when they bring up "practical" issues. When I decided to study physics, I did not know there were so many opportunities. I learned about them as I worked hard for my research. So yeah, pay the most attention to what you love.